CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025 - Download Subject-wise CBSE 12th Syllabus PDFs

CBSE (Classes XI-XII)

Particulars

Academic Session 2023-24

Academic Session 2024-25

Composition of question paper for year-end examination/ Board Examination (Theory)

• Competency Focused Questions in the form of MCQs/ Case Based Questions, Source-based Integrated Questions or any other type = 40%
• Select response type questions (MCQ) = 20%
• Constructed response questions (Short Answer Questions/Long Answer type Questions, as per
• existing pattern) = 40%

• Competency Focused Questions in the form of MCQs/ Case Based Questions, Source-based Integrated Questions or any other type = 50%
• Select response type questions (MCQ) = 20%
• Constructed response questions (Short Answer Questions/Long Answer type Questions, as per
• existing pattern) = 30%

CBSE Class 12th Syllabus 2025

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CBSE Class 12th English Core Syllabus 2024-25

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CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Syllabus 2024-25

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CBSE 12th Biology Syllabus 2024-25

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CBSE 12th Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25

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CBSE 12th Physics Syllabus 2024-25

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CBSE Class 12th Business Studies Syllabus 2024-25

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CBSE 12th Mathematics Syllabus 2024-25

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CBSE Class 12th Applied Mathematics Syllabus 2024-25

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CBSE Class 12th Economics Syllabus 2024-25

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Language 1

Hindi Elective or Hindi Core or English Elective or English Core

Language 2/ Subject 2

Any one Language OR Any one Academic Elective

Subject 3

Any three compulsory Electives from a pool of Academic and Skill subjects

Subject 4

Subject 5

Language 3/ Subject 6

Any optional Elective from a pool of Languages, Academic and Skill subjects

Health and Physical Education

Compulsory subjects having only internal assessment

Work Experience

General Studies

ISC Class 12 Syllabus 2025

UP Board Class 12 Syllabus 2025

RBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025

Bihar Board Class 12 Syllabus 2025

PSEB Class 12 Syllabus 2025

MP Board Class 12 Syllabus 2025

Haryana Board Class 12 Syllabus 2025

CGBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025

GSEB HSC Syllabus 2025

Jharkhand Board Class 12 Syllabus 2025

JKBOSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025

HPBOSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025

AP Inter 2nd Year Syllabus 2025

TSBIE Inter 2nd Year Syllabus 2025

CHSE Odisha Syllabus 2025

NIOS Class 12 Syllabus 2025

Unit No. and Name 

Chapters 

Weightage (in terms of marks)

Unit 1: Relations and Functions

Relations and Functions

Inverse Trigonometric Functions

8

Unit 2: Algebra

Matrices 

Determinants

10

Unit 3: Calculus

Continuity and Differentiability

Applications of Derivatives

Integrals

Applications of the Integrals 

Differential Equations

35

Unit 4: Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry

Vectors

Three - dimensional Geometry

14

Unit 5: Linear Programming

Linear Programming

5

Unit 6: Probability

Probability 

8

TOTAL MARKS (THEORY)

80

TOTAL MARKS (INTERNAL ASSESSMENT)

20

GRAND TOTAL

100

Unit No. and Name

Chapters

Weightage (in terms of marks)

Unit 1: Electrostatics

Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields 

Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

16

Unit 2: Current Electricity

Chapter–3: Current Electricity

Unit 3: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism 

Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter

17

Unit 4: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents 

Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction 

Chapter–7: Alternating Current

Unit 5: Electromagnetic Waves 

Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves

18

Unit 6: Optics

Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 

Chapter–10: Wave Optics 

Unit 7: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

12

Unit 8: Atoms and Nuclei

Chapter–12: Atoms 

Chapter–13: Nuclei

Unit 9: Electronic Devices

Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits

7

TOTAL MARKS (THEORY)

70

TOTAL MARKS (INTERNAL ASSESSMENT)

30

GRAND TOTAL

100

Unit No. and Name

Topics

Weightage (in terms of marks)

Unit II: Solutions 

Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, Raoult's law, colligative properties - relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular mass, Van't Hoff factor

7

Unit III: Electrochemistry 

Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's Law, electrolysis and law of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, lead accumulator, fuel cells, corrosion

9

Unit IV: Chemical Kinetics 

Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first order reactions), concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment), activation energy, Arrhenius equation

7

Unit VIII: d and f Block Elements 

General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first-row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4. 

Lanthanoids: Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences

Actinoids: Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids

7

Unit IX: Coordination Compounds 

Coordination compounds - Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner's theory, VBT, and CFT; structure and stereoisomerism, the importance of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system)

7

Unit X: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C–X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation mechanism of substitution reactions. 

Haloarenes: Nature of C–X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in monosubstituted compounds only). Uses and environmental effects of - dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT

6

Unit XI: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 

Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol. 

Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols. 

Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses. 

6

Unit XII: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids 

Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes, uses. 

Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses. 

8

Unit XIII: Amines

Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines. 

Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry

6

Unit XIV: Biomolecules 

Carbohydrates: Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen); Importance of carbohydrates

Proteins: Elementary idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins - primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes. Hormones - Elementary idea excluding structure

Vitamins: Classification and functions

Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA

7

TOTAL MARKS (THEORY)

70

TOTAL MARKS (INTERNAL ASSESSMENT)

30

GRAND TOTAL

100

Unit No. and Name

Chapters

Weightage (in terms of marks)

Unit VI: Reproduction

Chapter-2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Chapter-3: Human Reproduction 

Chapter-4: Reproductive Health

16

Unit VII: Genetics and Evolution

Chapter-5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Chapter-6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Chapter-7: Evolution

20

Unit VIII: Biology and Human Welfare

Chapter-8: Human Health and Diseases

Chapter-10: Microbes in Human Welfare

12

Unit IX: Biotechnology and its Applications

Chapter-11: Biotechnology - Principles and Processes

Chapter-12: Biotechnology and its Applications

12

Unit X: Ecology and Environment 

Chapter-13: Organisms and Populations

Chapter-14: Ecosystem 

Chapter-15: Biodiversity and its Conservation

10

TOTAL MARKS (THEORY)

70

TOTAL MARKS (INTERNAL ASSESSMENT)

30

GRAND TOTAL

100

Sections in the question paper 

Topics covered

Weightage (in terms of marks)

Part A: Accounting for Partnership Firms and Companies

(compulsory for all)

Accounting for Partnership Firms

36

Accounting for Companies

24

Part B (contains internal choice, students must attempt either of the two options)

Option (i) Financial Statement Analysis

- Analysis of Financial Statements

- Cash Flow Statement 

OR

Option (ii) Computerized Accounting

 - Computerized Accounting 

20

TOTAL MARKS (THEORY)

80

TOTAL MARKS (INTERNAL ASSESSMENT)

20

GRAND TOTAL

100

Sections in the question paper 

Unit No. and Name

Weightage (in terms of marks)

Part A: Introductory Macroeconomics

Unit 1: National Income and Related Aggregates

10

Unit 2: Money and Banking 

6

Unit 3: Determination of Income and Employment 

12

Unit 4: Government Budget and the Economy 

6

Unit 5: Balance of Payments

6

Part B: Indian Economic Development

Unit 6: Development Experience (1947-90) and Economic Reforms since 1991 

12

Unit 7: Current Challenges facing Indian Economy 

20

Unit 8: Development Experience of India – A Comparison with Neighbours 

8

TOTAL MARKS (THEORY)

80

TOTAL MARKS (INTERNAL ASSESSMENT)

20

GRAND TOTAL

100

Sections in the question paper

Weightage (in terms of Marks)

Section A: Reading Skills

22

Section B: Creative Writing Skills

18

Section C: Literature

40

TOTAL MARKS (THEORY)

80

TOTAL MARKS (INTERNAL ASSESSMENT)

20

GRAND TOTAL

100

Name of the Book

Chapters

Flamingo

Prose

1.  The Last Lesson
2. Lost Spring 
3. Deep Water 
4. The Rattrap 
5. Indigo 
6.  Poets and Pancakes 
7. The Interview 
8. Going Places

Poems

1. My Mother at Sixty-Six 
2. Keeping Quiet 
3. A Thing of Beauty 
4. A Roadside Stand 
5. Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers 

Vistas

1. The Third Level 

2. The Tiger King 

3. Journey to the end of the Earth 

4. The Enemy 

5. On the Face of It 

6. Memories of Childhood  

- The Cutting of My Long Hair 

- We Too are Human Beings

Part

Chapter No. and Name

Weightage (in terms of marks)

Part A: Contemporary World Politics

Chapter 1: The End of Bipolarity 

Chapter 2: Contemporary Centres of Power 

Chapter 3: Contemporary South Asia

Chapter 4: Internal Organizations

Chapter 5: Security in Contemporary World

Chapter 6: Environment and Natural Resources

Chapter 7: Globalisation

Part B: Politics in India since Independence 

Chapter1: Challenges of Nation-Building 

Chapter 2: Era of One-Party Dominance 

Chapter 3: Politics of Planned Development 

Chapter 4: India’s External Relations 

Chapter 5: Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System 

Chapter 6: The Crisis of Democratic Order 

Chapter 7: Regional Aspirations

TOTAL MARKS (THEORY)

80

TOTAL MARKS (INTERNAL ASSESSMENT)

20

GRAND TOTAL

100