TS Inter 2nd Year Syllabus 2024: Check Subject-Wise Syllabus, Important Topics

Chapters

Topics

Chapter 1: Waves 

• Introduction 
• Transverse and Longitudinal waves 
• Displacement relation in a progressive wave 
• Speed of a Travelling Wave 
• The principle of superposition of waves
• Reflection of waves 
• Beats 
• Doppler Effect 

Chapter 2: Ray Optics And Optical Instruments  

• Introduction 
• Reflection of light by Spherical Mirrors 
• Refraction 
• Total Internal Reflection 
• Refraction at Spherical Surfaces and by Lenses. 
• Refraction through a prism 
• Dispersion by a Prism 
• Some Natural phenomena due to Sunlight 
• Optical Instruments 

Chapter 3: Wave Optics  

• Introduction 
• Huygens Principle 
• Refraction and Reflection of plane waves using Huygens Principle 
• Coherent and Incoherent Addition of waves 
• Interference of Light waves and Young’s Experiment 
• Diffraction 
• Polarisation 

Chapter 4: Electric Charges And Fields  

• Introduction 
• Electric Charges 
• Conductors and Insulators 
• Charging by Induction 
• Basic Properties of Electric Charge 
• Coulomb’s Law 
• Forces between Multiple charges 
• Electric Field 
• Electric Field Lines 
• Electric Flux 
• Electric Dipole 
• Dipole in a uniform external field 
• Continuous Charge Distribution 
• Gauss’s Law 
• Application of Gauss’ Law 

Chapter 5: Electrostatic Potential And Capacitance  

• Introduction 
• Electrostatic Potential 
• Potential due to a point charge 
• Potential due to an Electric Dipole 
• Potential due to a System of Charges 
• Equipotential Surfaces 
• Potential Energy of a System of Charges 
• Potential Energy in an External field 
• Electrostatics of Conductors 
• Dielectrics and Polarisation 
• Capacitors and Capacitance 
• The Parallel Plate Capacitor 
• Effect of Dielectric on Capacitance 
• Combination of Capacitors 
• Energy Stored in a Capacitor 
• Van de Graaff Generator 

Chapter 6: Current Electricity  

• Introduction 
• Electric current 
• Electric current in conductors 
• Ohm’s Law 
• Drift Electrons and Origin of Resistivity 
• Limitations of Ohm's Law 
• Resistivity of various Materials 
• Temperature Dependence of Resistivity 
• Electric Energy, Power 
• Combination of Resistors – Series and Parallel 
• Cells, emf, Internal Resistance 
• Cells in Series and in Parallel 
• Kirchhoff’s Laws 
• Wheatstone Bridge 
• Meter Bridge 
• Potentiometer

Chapter 7: Moving Charges And Magnetism  

• Introduction 
• Magnetic Force 
• Motion in a Magnetic field 
• Motion in combined Electric and Magnetic Fields 
• Magnetic Field due to a Current Element, Biot-Savart Law 
• Magnetic Field on the Axis of a Circular Current Loop 
• Ampere’s Circuital Law 
• The Solenoid and the Toroid 
• Force between two Parallel Currents, The Ampere(Unit) 
• Torque on Current Loop, Magnetic Dipole 
• The Moving Coil Galvanometer 

Chapter 8: Magnetism And Matter  

• Introduction 
• The Bar Magnet 
• Magnetism and Gauss’s Law 
• The Earth’s Magnetism 
• Magnetisation and Magnetic Intensity 
• Magnetic Properties of Materials 
• Magnets and Electromagnets 

Chapter 9: Electromagnetic Induction  

• Introduction 
• The experiments of Faraday and Henry 
• Magnetic Flux 
• Faraday’s Law of Induction
• Lenz’s Law and Conservation of Energy 
• Motional Electromotive Force 
• Energy consideration : A Quantitative Study 
• Eddy Currents 
• Inductance 
• AC Generator 

Chapter 10: Alternating Current:  

• Introduction 
• AC voltage applied to a Resistor 
• Representation of AC Current and Voltage by Rotating Vectors- Phasors 
• AC voltage applied to an Inductor 
• AC voltage applied to a Capacitor 
• AC voltage applied to a Series LCR Circuit 
• Power in AC Circuit: The Power Factor 
• LC Oscillations 
• Transformers 

Chapter 11: Electro Magnetic Waves 

• Introduction 
• Displacement Current 
• Electro Magnetic Waves 
• Electromagnetic Spectrum 

Chapter 12: Dual Nature Of Radiation And Matter  

• Introduction 
• Electron Emission 
• Photoelectric Effect 
• Experimental Study of Photoelectric Effect 
• Photoelectric Effect and Wave Theory of Light 
• Einstein’s Photoelectric Equation: Energy Quantum of Radiation 
• Particle Nature of Light : The Photon 
• Wave Nature of Matter 
• Davisson and Germer Experiment 

Chapter 13: Atoms  

• Introduction 
• Alpha-particle Scattering and Rutherford’s Nuclear model of Atom
• Atomic Spectra 
• Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom 
• The Line Spectra of the Hydrogen Atom 
• De Broglie’s Explanation of Bohr’s Second Postulate of Quantisation 

Chapter 14 :Nuclei  

• Introduction 
• Atomic Masses and Composition of Nucleus 
• Size of the Nucleus 
• Mass- Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy 
• Nuclear Force
• Radioactivity 
• Nuclear Energy 

Chapter 15: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices And Simple Circuits  

• Introduction 
• Classification of Metals, Conductors and Semiconductors 
• Intrinsic Semiconductor 
• Extrinsic Semiconductor 
• p – n junction 
• Semi conductor diode 
• Application of Junction Diode as a Rectifier 
• Special Purpose p-n Junction Diodes 
• Junction Transistor 
• Digital Electronics and Logic Gates 
• Integrated Circuits 

Chapter 16: Communication Systems  

• Introduction 
• Elements of communication system 
• Basic Terminology used in Electronic Communication Systems 
• Bandwidth of Signals 
• Bandwidth of Transmission Medium 
• Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves 
• Modulation and its Necessity 
• Amplitude Modulation 
• Production of Amplitude Modulated Wave 
• Detection of Amplitude Modulated Wave

Chapters

Topics

Solid State

• General Characteristics of Solid State 
• Amorphous and Crystalline Solids 
• Classification of Crystalline Solids 
• Probing the structure of solids: X-ray crystallography 
• Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells 
• Number of Atoms in a Unit Cell 
• Close Packed Structures 
• Packing Efficiency 
• Calculations Involving Unit Cell Dimensions 
• Imperfections in Solids 
• Electrical Properties 
• Magnetic Properties  

Solutions 

• Types of Solutions 
• Expressing Concentration of Solutions 
• Solubility 
• Vapour Pressure of Liquid Solutions 
• Ideal and Non-ideal Solutions 
• Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass 
• Abnormal Molar Masses

Electrochemistry And Chemical Kinetics 

• Electrochemical Cells 
• Galvanic Cells 
• Nernst Equation 
• Conductance of Electrolytic Solutions 
• Electrolytic Cells and Electrolysis  
• Batteries 
• Fuel Cells 
• Corrosion 
• Rate of a Chemical Reaction 
• Factors Influencing Rate of a Reaction 
• Integrated Rate Equations 
• Pseudo First Order Reaction 
• Temperature Dependence of the Rate of a Reaction 
• Collision Theory of Chemical Reaction Rates 

Surface Chemistry 

• Adsorption 
• Catalysis 
• Colloids 
• Classification of Colloids 
• Emulsions 
• Colloids Around Us  

General Principles Of Metallurgy 

• Occurrence of Metals 
• Concentration of Ores 
• Extraction of Crude Metal from Concentrated Ore 
• Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy 
• Electrochemical Principles of Metallurgy 
• Oxidation and Reduction 
• Refining of Crude Metal 
• Uses of Aluminium, Copper, Zinc and Iron  

P-Block Elements 

• Introduction 
• Dinitrogen 
• Ammonia 
• Oxides of nitrogen 
• Nitric acid 
• Phosphorous-allotropic forms 
• Phosphine 
• Phosphorous halides  
• Oxoacids of phosphorous 
• Introduction 
• Dioxygen 
• Simple Oxides 
• Ozone 
• Sulphur-Allotropic forms 
• Sulphur dioxide 
• Oxoacids of Sulphur 
• Sulphuric Acid  
• Introduction 
• Chlorine 
• Hydrogen Chloride 
• Oxoacids of Halogens 
• Interhalogen Compounds  
• Introduction- Occurance, Electronic configuration Ionisation Enthalpy,Atomic radii, Electron Gain Enthalpy Physical and Chemical properties  

D And F Block Elements & Coordination Compounds

• Position in the Periodic Table 
• Electronic Configuration 
• General Properties of Transition Elements (dBlock) 
• Some Important Compounds of Transition Elements 
• Inner Transition Elements(f-Block) 
• Actinoids 
• Some Applications of d and f Block Elements 
• Werner’s Theory of Coordination Compounds 
• Definitions of Some Terms used in Coordination Compounds 
• Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds 
• Isomerism in Coordination Compounds 
• Bonding in Coordination Compounds 
• Bonding in Metal Carbonyls 
• Stability of Coordination Compounds 
• Importance and Applications of Coordination Compounds 

Polymers  

• Classification of Polymers 
• Types of Polymerization Reactions 
• Molecular Mass of Polymers 
• Biodegradable Polymers 
• Polymers of Commercial Importance  

Biomolecules

• Carbohydrates 
• Proteins 
• Enzymes 
• Vitamins 
• Nucleic acids 
• Hormones  

Chemistry In Everyday Life  

• Drugs and their Classification 
• Drug-Target Interaction 
• Therapeutic Action of Different Classes of Drugs 
• Chemicals in Food 
• Cleansing Agents 

Halo Alkanes And Haloarenes 

• Classification 
• Nature of C-X bond 
• Methods of Preparation
• Physical Properties  
• Chemical Reactions 
• Polyhalogen Compounds

Organic Compounds Containing C, H And O (Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers, Aldehydes, Ketones And Carboxylic Acids) Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers 

• Classification -Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 
• Nomenclature- Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers 
• Structures of Hydroxy and Ether Functional Groups 
• Alcohols and Phenols
• Physical Properties 
• Chemical Reactions 
• Some Commercially Important Alcohols 
• Ethers  
• Nomenclature and Structure of Carbonyl Group 
• Preparation of Aldehydes and ketones
• Physical Properties 
• Chemical Reactions 
• Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones  
• Nomenclature and Structure of Carboxyl Group 
• Methods of Preparation of Carboxylic Acids 
• Physical Properties 
• Chemical Reactions 
• Uses of Carboxylic Acids  

Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen  

• Structure of Amines 
• Classification 
• Nomenclature 
• Preparation of Amines 
• Physical Properties 
• Chemical Reactions 
• Methods of Preparation of Diazonium Salts 
• Physical Properties 
• Chemical Reactions 
• Importance of Diazonium Salts in Synthesis of Aromatic Compounds  
• Structure of cyanides and isocyanides 
• Preparation  

Chapters

Topics

Complex Numbers

• Complex number as an ordered pair of real numbers- fundamental operations 
• Representation of complex numbers in the form a+ib. 
• Modulus and amplitude of complex numbers –Illustrations. 
• Geometrical and Polar Representation of complex numbers in Argand planeArgand diagram

De Moivre’s Theorem

• De Moivre’s theorem- Integral and Rational indices. 
• nth roots of unity- Geometrical Interpretations – Illustrations. 

Quadratic Expressions

• Quadratic expressions, equations in one variable 
• Sign of quadratic expressions – Change in signs – Maximum and minimum values 
• Quadratic inequations  

Theory of Equations

• The relation between the roots and coefficients in an equation 
• Solving the equations when two or more roots of it are connected by certain relation 
• Equation with real coefficients, occurrence of complex roots in conjugate pairs and its consequences 
• Transformation of equations - Reciprocal Equations.  

Permutations and Combinations

• Fundamental Principle of counting – linear and circular permutations 
• Permutations of ‘n’ dissimilar things taken ‘r’ at a time  
• Permutations when repetitions allowed 
• Circular permutations 
• Permutations with constraint repetitions 
• Combinations-definitions and certain theorems  

Binomial Theorem

• Binomial theorem for positive integral index  
• Binomial theorem for rational Index (Without proof) 
• Approximations using Binomial theorem  

Partial fractions

• Partial fractions of f(x)/g(x) when g(x) contains non –repeated linear factors 
• Partial fractions of f(x)/g(x) when g(x) contains repeated and/or non-repeatedlinear factors. 
• Partial fractions of f(x)/g(x) when g(x) contains repeated and non-repeated irreducible factors only

Measures Of Dispersion  

• Range 
• Mean deviation 
• Variance and standard deviation of ungrouped/grouped data. 
• Coefficient of variation and analysis of frequency distribution with equal means but different variances.  

Probability  

• Random experiments and events 
• Classical definition of probability, Axiomatic approach and addition theorem of probability. 
• Independent and dependent events Conditional probability- multiplication theorem andBayee’s theorem. 

Random Variables and Probability Distributions

• Random Variables 
• Theoretical discrete distributions – Binomial and Poisson Distributions 

Chapters

Topics

Circle

• Equation of circle -standard form-centre and radius of a circle with a given line segment as diameter & equation of circle through three non collinear points -parametric equations of a circle. 
• Position of a point in the plane of a circle – power of a point-definition of tangent-length of tangent 
• Position of a straight line in the plane of a circle-conditions for a line to be tangent – chord joining two points on a circle – equation of the tangent at a point on the circle- point of contact-equation of normal. 
• Chord of contact - pole and polar-conjugate points and conjugate lines - equation of chord with given middle point. 
• Relative position of two circles- circles touching each other externally, internally common tangents –centers of similitude-equation of pair of tangents from an external point. 

System of circles

• Angle between two intersecting circles.  
• Radical axis of two circles- properties- Common chord and common tangent of two circles – radicalcentre.  

Integration

• Integration as the inverse process of differentiation- Standard forms –properties of integrals. 
• Method of substitution- integration of Algebraic, exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric and inverse trigonometric functions. Integration by parts.  
• Integration- Partial fractions method. 
• Reduction formulae 

Definite Integrals

• Definite Integral as the limit of sum 
• Interpretation of Definite Integral as an area. 
• Fundamental theorem of Integral Calculus. 
• Properties 
• Reduction formulae. 
• Application of Definite integral to areas.  

Differential equations

• Formation of differential equation-Degree and order of an ordinary differential equation. 
• Solving differential equation by a) Variables separable method b) Homogeneous differential equation. c) Non - Homogeneous differential equation. d) Linear differential equations.  

Parabola

• Conic sections –Parabola- equation of parabola in standard form-different forms of parabola- parametric equations. 
• Equations of tangent and normal at a point on the parabola ( Cartesian and parametric)- conditions for straight line to be a tangent. 

Ellipse  

• Equation of ellipse in standard form- Parametric equations. 
• Equation of tangent and normal at a point on the ellipse (Cartesian and parametric)- Condition for a straight line to be a tangent.  

Hyperbola

• Equation of hyperbola in standard form- Parametric equations.  
• Equations of tangent and normal at a point on the hyperbola (Cartesian and parametric)- conditions for a straight line to be a tangent- Asymptotes  

Particulars

Details

Prose

• Playing the English Gentleman - M.K. Gandhi 
• The Bet - Anton Chekov 
• The Mad Tea Party - Lewis Carrol 
• On Smiles - A.G. Gardiner 
• The Prize Poem Sir P. G. Wodehouse 
• Sale - Anita Desai 
• Riders to the Sea - J.M. Synge

Poetry

• Ulysses - Alfred Lord Tennyson 
• The Second Coming - W.B. Yeats 
• The Unknown Citizen - W.H. Auden 
• To the Indians who Died in South Africa -T.S. Eliot 
• The Night of the Scorpion - Nissim Ezekiel 
• Rakhi - Vikram Seth 
• Telephone Conversation - Wole Soyinka 

Non-detailed Text

• Julius Caesar - Shakespeare Orient Longman Edition

Chapters

Topics

Chapter I. Indian Constitution - Historical Content 

• Indian National Movement; Phases of National Movement
• The Government of India Acts 1909, 1919, 1935 
• Constituent Assembly and framing of Indian Constitution 
• Philosophy and basic features of Constitution 

Chapter II. Fundamental Rights & Directive Principles of State Policy 

• Fundamental Rights
• Directive Principles of State Policy 
• Fundamental Duties 

Chapter  III. Union Government 

• The President of India 
• The Vice-President of India 
• The Prime Minister of India 
• Union Council of Ministers 
• Parliament of India 
• Supreme Court 

Chapter  IV. State Government 

• Governor 
• Chief Minister 
• Council of Ministers in the state 
• Legislative: Legislative Assembly 
• Legislative Council 
• High Court  

Chapter V Centre State Relations

• Centre – State Legislative, Administrative, Financial Relations 
• Centre-State Conflicts: Sarkaria Commission, M.M.Punchhi Commission 
• Centre Finance Commission 
• Inter – State Council 
• NITI Aayog

Chapter  VI. Local Governments 

• Rural Development & Panchayat Raj Institutions 
• Grassroot democracy: 73rd Amendment 
• 74th Amendment 
• Panchayat Raj and Urban Local bodies in Telangana

Chapter VII. Election System in India 

• Central Election Commission 
• Powers and functions of the Election Commission 
• Electoral Reforms in India 
• Political Parties in India 
• Anti Defection Law

Chapter VIII. Contemporary Issues in Indian Politics 

• Dynamic nature of Indian Politics
• Regionalism 
• Coalition Politics 
• Corruption 
• Terrorism  

Chapter  IX: Emergence of Telangana State 

• Formation of Hyderabad State 
• Political development 
• Gentlemen Agreement 
• Emergency of Andhra Pradesh 
• Violation of Safeguards 
• 1969 Agitation – Telangana Praja Samithi 
• Reaction of Mulki Judgment 
• Telangana Movement 
• Role of JAC’s in Telangana Movement 
• A.P. Reorganisation Act, formation of Telangana state  

Chapter X: SMART Governance 

• SMART Governance 
• Good Governance 
• E-Governance 
• Right to Information Act 
• Lokpal, Lokayutha Act - 2013 
• Transparency and Accountability

Chapter XI: India and the World 

• Determinants of Foreign Policy 
• Basic Features of India’s Foreign Policy 
• India and Non-Aligned Movement 
• India and BRICS 
• India and BIMSTEC 
• SAARC 
• UNO 

Unit

Topics

Unit 1: Economic Growth and Economic Development

• Concepts of Economic Growth and Economic Development 
• Objectives of Economic Development 
• Indicators of Economic Development 
• Factors Hindering Economic Development 
• Factors Promoting Economic Development 
• Characteristics of Developed Economies 
• Characteristics of Developing Economies with Special Reference to India

Unit 2: Demography and Human Resource Development 

• Theory of Demographic Transition 
• Demographic Features of Indian Population 
• Concept and Causes of Population Explosion 
• Occupational and Sectoral Distribution of Population in India 
• Population Policy in India 
• Human Resource Development: Concept and Importance 
• Role of Education in Economic Development and Education in India 
• Role of Health in Economic Development and Health in India 
• Human Development Index 
• Views of Amartya Sen on Human Development  

Unit 3: National Income, Poverty and Unemployment 

• A Backdrop to National Income Studies 
• Changes in National Income and Per Capita Income in India 
• Sectoral Contribution to National Income 
• Share of Public Sector and Private Sector in GDP   
• Inequalities in the Distribution of Income and Wealth: Causes and Remedial Measures 
• Poverty in India: Concept, Types, Incidence, Causes and Consequences 
• Unemployment in India: Types, Concepts, Estimates, Causes and Consequences 
• Remedial Measures of Poverty & Unemployment - Government Initiatives 
• Views of Abhijit Banerjee on Poverty

Unit No.4: Planning and NITI Aayog

• Concept, Types and Importance of Planning 
• Major Objectives of Five Year Plans in India 
• Review of Five Year Plans
• NITI Aayog 
• Rural - Urban Imbalances 
• Regional Imbalances: Causes, Consequences & Remedial Measures  

Unit 5:Agricultural Sector 

• Importance and Growth of Agriculture in Indian Economy 
• Causes for Low Productivity in Agriculture and Measures to Improve Agricultural Productivity in India 
• Land Reforms in India 
• Green Revolution 
• Agricultural Credit and Rural Indebtedness  
• Agricultural Marketing in India 
• Agricultural Pricing Policy in India 
• Food Security  

Unit 6: Industrial Sector 

• Structure of Indian Industry 
• Growth and Pattern of Industrial Development in India 
• Industrial Backwardness 
• Industrial Policy Resolutions 
• Economic Reforms 
• Demonetization 
• Goods and Services Tax 
• Make in India 
• Economic Reforms and Industrial Growth 
• Small Scale Industries: Characteristics, Role, Problems and Remedial Measures 
• Industrial Finance

Unit 7: Tertiary Sector

• Importance of Tertiary Sector 
• Growth of Service Sector in India 
• Sector Performance at the State and UT Level 
• Performance of India's Key Sub-Sectors of Services 
• Tourism Sector 
• IT-BPM Services 
• Infrastructure  
• Transport Sector 
• Energy Sector 
• Telecom Sector 
• Banking Sector 
• Insurance Sector 
• Space Sector  

Unit 8: Foreign Sector 

• Balance of Trade Vs Balance of Payments 
• Balance of Trade and Balance of Payments with Special Reference to India 
• Role of International Trade in Indian Economy 
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) 
• Objectives and Functions of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 
• Objectives and Functions of World Trade Organization (WTO) 
• Impact of WTO on Indian Economy  

Unit 9: Environmental Economics

• Concept, Types and Importance of Environment in Economic Development 
• Concepts of Eco-System, Pollution and Environmental Degradation 
• Natural Resources 
• Need for Environmental Protection 
• Sustainable Development  

Unit 10: Telangana Economy 

• Structure of Telangana State 
• Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) 
• Per Capita Income at Current Prices in Telangana 
• Demographic Features of Telangana 
• Agricultural Sector in Telangana 
• Industrial Sector in Telangana 
• Services Sector in Telangana Development in Telangana 
• Infrastructural Development in Telangana 
• Poverty and Unemployment in Telangana 
• Development and Welfare Programmes in Telangana State